Mgt 401 Week 2 - 1447 Words

Good title page! Business Model Comparison Team A – Kristen Taylor, Velma Mobley, Aaron Ford, Courtney Uchiyama July 8, 2013 MGT/401 Tricia Rosengarten Business Model Comparison Most small businesses require some outside funding. Not many entrepreneurs have enough personal capital to open and maintain funding for a business. To attract investors and attain partnerships, a business owner should consider a business model necessary. This paper will compare two restaurant businesses, identify the business model and forms of ownership for each business by completing a Comparison of Business matrix, describe benefits by building a sustainable competitive advantage, and giving advantages and disadvantages of each business†¦show more content†¦Benefits To Building A Competitive Advantage When evaluating the benefits of each business, it is important to consider the size of each business. As an example, both sole proprietorships and partnerships are relatively small in size and may perhaps provide more personalized service to each of their clients. In many businesses, customers appreciate personalized service and may in turn hire small businesses for that service. On the other hand, a larger business, like McDonald’s, typically is composed of more resources and may offer the prospective customer a lower price. Another competitive advantage of a smaller business, like Datillo’s, is the ability to provide customers with a higher level of quality. Because customers of small businesses deal more closely with a ‘tight nit’ group of employees, the quality and service provided to the customer is much greater than a larger corporation composed of numerous locations. Both small and large businesses each have distinct advantages that enable them each to thrive. Although some customers may appreciate the more personalized service of small businesses, others may prefer a lower price and a larger name brand. Make sure paragraphs are a minimum of 3 sentences! Advantages and Disadvantages of Business Ownership McDonald is known for the quality the restaurant serves, and the opportunities the McDonald restaurant offer. McDonalds has beenShow MoreRelatedStarbucks HR Practices2680 Words   |  11 Pages Starbucks HR Practices Vinecia Kakou MGT 555 V Global Human Resources Management July 14, 2014 Introduction Starbucks is a globally recognized coffee and beverage brand that has rapidly made strides into all major markets worldwide. The company has an advantage over its main competitors considering the outstanding teams of employees they have in their corporate offices and in their retail stores. 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It is used in technical programsRead MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words   |  376 PagesHuman Resource Management (MGT501) VU MGT - 501 T his subject/course is designed to teach the basic principles of Human Resource Management (HRM) to diverse audience/students, including those who are studying this as a supporting subject for their bachelor degree program. This course is designed to provide you the foundations of HRM whether you intend to work in HRM or not, most of these elements will affect you at some point in your career. Either you will be working with some organizations

Treatment of the Concept of Poverty - 707 Words

The historical development of the concept as viewed by Katz (1985) has been termed as that of sympathy and pity and been poor continues to be referred to as been in a pitiable state. In the contemporary period, been poor has now been transformed from an age-old moral adjective of sympathy into a noun of disgust and disgrace; poverty then has been ascribed to living in ‘slums, ghettos, tenements’. Sen (1981) treatment of the concept of poverty relegates the concept to an existential situation; he describes poverty as thus:†to live in poverty may be said, but to offend or be hurtful to a society which creates problems for those who are not poor† (p, 2). In the quote, Sen asserts that there are requirements to be used in any concept of poverty; the requirement is of a criterion as to who should be the centre of attention, is the concept of poverty related to the interests of only the poor or the non-poor? Sen thinks we should direct our concern on the poor; because the suffering of those who are deprived depends on the condition of those who are said to be rich. However, Nagel (1979) article on what is it like to be a bat? Provide us with an allusion to the subjective experiences of the poor and what it feels like to be in poverty; because in his view been poor cannot even be described because it is a conscious experience of a widespread phenomenon, and it may be arg ued that the rich cannot understand the lived experience of the poor person. As suggested by Simmel,Show MoreRelatedPoverty And Drugs1288 Words   |  6 PagesPoverty and Drug Abuse It is a well-known fact that those with lower incomes living in unfavorable conditions are more likely to resort to criminal behavior than other classes. Many cases of theft, drug abuse, gangs, and violence, can be traced back to poverty. Poverty is the state of being extremely poor or not being able to make ends meet. Currently the poverty line is placed at an income of $24,600 annually for a family of four and 45 million people in the United States fall below this povertyRead MoreUniversal Access For Affordable Health Care1426 Words   |  6 Pagessupported by the concept that human rights are not restricted to only one category, but rather are made up of different categories ranging from social, cultural, and economic rights that are all equally important. There are many criteria that make up the definition of what exactly a human right is, and one such principle is that the human right being named is a necessity that is essential to human survival. Many people who are fortunate enough to be able to access health care treatment through theirRead MoreHuman Geography And Development Studies1611 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will examine how both concepts, human geography and development studies and how they share similarities and differences. Human geography is the study of how people interact with their surrounding environment and the impact they have on that specific environment (Murray 2015). Development studies is the process, which involves focusing on improving the quality of human lives and reducing global risks (Amedeo and Harvey). I will examine how these two concepts particularly in the Asian PacificRead MoreEssay on Poverty and Common Mental Disorders in Developing Countries1040 Words   |  5 Pagesassociated with poverty (like tuberculosis); treatment and prevention of mental diseases should involve confronting poverty and economic development, apart from the medical interventions. The rest of the paper provides a discussion of the evidence backing these points and the ways in which they can be implemented. These conclusions and the reasons why they are remarkable are discussed in this critique. 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In a message to the 81st Legislature, it was asked that for once children be made a priority and ensure that valuable taxpayer dollars be invested in ending child poverty, children be given accessible health coverage, affordable mental health services, provide high quality development programs, protect themRead MoreEthnocentrism, Assimilation, Acculturation And Cultural Discrimination Definition Paper1156 Words   |  5 Pages What can be attributed to the high poverty rates, low education levels, and high morbidity/mortality rates of the African-American population as compared to other populations? Statistics telling us that on average a Black person born in 2000 will live 5.7 few years less than a White person of the same age gives only a hint at the wide disparity between the African-American population and other populations (Spector., 2009., p. 274). The high rates of poverty, low education levels and the high morbidity/mortality

My Own Personal And Theoretical Understanding Education Essay Free Essays

The biggest development so far has to be my apprehension of English as an extra linguistic communication, non merely did I use to believe EAL pupils were portion of the Particular Educational Needs and Disabilities standards, I ever use to see pupils with EAL as a barrier, inquiring myself inquiries like, How would I get the better of the linguistic communication barrier? Making myself believe that EAL pupils are lower ability within all topics, but this is non the instance. Some instructors have small or no apprehension of a kid ‘s demands that does non hold English as their first linguistic communication. Sometimes this deficiency of apprehension and communicating between pupil and instructor can decelerate down the pupils ‘ advancement. We will write a custom essay sample on My Own Personal And Theoretical Understanding Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Whether the kid is considered to be one of the followers: an Asylum-Seeker, Refugee, Isolated Learner, Sojourner, Bilingual or merely new to English, every kid affairs. EAL teaching method is designed to assist run into the linguistic communication and larning demands of pupils who have English as an extra linguistic communication. Successful EAL scholars will normally hold a good apprehension and a appreciation of their ain first linguistic communication, so while larning English they are able to develop their vocabulary in their first linguistic communication. In order for a pupil to develop cognitively and linguistically, they need to hold the chance to talk and compose within the English linguistic communication from an early phase of a lesson, assisting them to go more witting of their new linguistic communication, this is besides a good manner to measure the pupil ‘s demands, being able to see where they need more development. Student ‘s larning EAL need contextual support in order to do sense of new information and the new linguistic communication ; this can be developed through ocular cues, assisting the EAL pupil to acquire to footings with the undertakings presented to them though their cognition of English is limited. Standard five ‘Adapt learning to react to the strengths and demands of all students ‘ from the Teachers ‘ Standards provinces ; ‘Have a clear apprehension of the demands of all students, including those with particular educational demands ; those of high ability ; those with English as extra linguistic communication ; those with disablements ; and be able to utilize and measure typical instruction attacks to prosecute and back up them. ‘ ( DfE, 2012:8 ) After reading and re-reading the Teachers ‘ Standards and taking this subdivision of Standard five on board I have come to gain, that in order to learn EAL pupils you have got to be willing to larn to learn. No affair where you are within your learning calling you have to larn from the kids within you category. Jim Cummins developed a model, which shows how basic interpersonal communicating accomplishments ( BIC ) and cognitive academic linguistic communication proficiency ( CALP ) can be developed through planning and instruction. The model is helpful to place and develop appropriate undertakings for different pupils within different categories. Though it its believe that pupils need to be working from the high cognitive demand and high contextual support quarter-circle, Conteh explained the quarter-circles in Cummins ‘ diagram as the followers ; ‘Beginning with context-embedded activities and bit by bit traveling, with talk and action, towards less embedded activities means that kids are ne’er left without support, and at the same clip are being encouraged to travel to the new cognition which is the object of the activity. ‘ ( J.Conteh 2006:11 ) After reflecting on the point that Conteh made about how the model fundamentally helps to construct upon the pupil ‘s English cognition, through practical activities and a assortments of experiences within the schoolroom. The best manner to assist with a pupils ‘ cognition is through verbal communicating. Bringing me to submergences versus bilingualism, BIC and CALP are both needed to assist back up a pupils larning and understanding. Though bilingualism is good to pass on between the same linguistic communication and you can happen out more about this pupil within their ain apprehension of their first linguistic communication, submergence will assist a pupil develop quicker. By literately throwing a pupil into the deep terminal with a group of pupils who merely have English as their first linguistic communication the kid is so forced to pass on with these pupils assisting come oning with verbal communicating, this can besides assist with linguistic communication accompli shments through written pieces of work as the pupil is larning from equals who are the best instructors to pupils who are EAL. ‘Have high outlooks of behavior, and set up a model for subject with a scope of schemes, utilizing congratulations, countenances and wages systematically and reasonably ‘ ( DfE, 2012:8 ) Concentrating on standard seven of the Teachers ‘ Standards, behavior is all the clip non merely disputing. When inquiring myself what behavior was all I had in my head were the pupils who are disputing. Coming to gain that behavior is non merely those who like to dispute a instructor, but it is besides those who push to win as mentioned before behavior is all the clip. Within any school many pupils will move otherwise, within different scenes and with different instructors. Some pupils do non like alteration, so a alteration to a usual modus operandi can take to a alteration in behavior ; this besides happens when a pupil is faced with a different instructor to the 1 they are used to. Many instructors and pupils have a common consequence on one and other, when detecting a pupil ‘s behavior alongside the observation of the instructor, there was a direct nexus that you can see that it was every bit much the instructor ‘s behavior that contributed to the incident that go on within the category, whether triggered by a bad twenty-four hours or the features of that specific instructor. Though ambitious behavior is the chief obstruction to raising accomplishment, pull offing behaviour positively can travel a long manner towards cut downing emphasis degrees between staff and students, which helps to enable a safe acquisition environment. When supervising a pupil ‘s behavior I have come to gain that you have to take into history many facets that every kid is different, they all come from different backgrounds, with different degrees of societal and emotional development. Developing a relationship with all the pupils within a category is the key to a happy environment. Amy Demorest, 2005 explains Burrhus Skinner ‘s theory every bit behaviour as being a manner to avoid penalty but to win in accomplishing wages, believing that penalty was counterproductive. When taking this theory with me onto my recent pattern, it came to demo that Skinner ‘s theory was right. Student ‘s will move misconduct but one time the instructor has offered and inaugural for good behavior the pupil automatically stops, because they know at the terminal of the twenty-four hours they are being rewarded for something they would be acquiring into problem for. Though this theory does come with advantages, after a piece of the pupil being offered a wages in topographic point of misbehavior the pupil will shortly alter their ways and be cognizant they no longer have to move up in order to have congratulations and a wages. The idea of going a instructor is highly rewarding, but it is traveling to take tonss of work, clip and consideration on my portion. Planning, clip direction and administration play a critical function in pull offing a schoolroom. In order to pull off a schoolroom, I will necessitate to hold effectual outlooks, make usage of the resources available to me and hold good clip direction. Supplying a batch of work within the schoolroom is of import to supply a batch of engagement for the pupils, this will guarantee that pupils are focused and enthusiastic within the category. Having a set of schoolroom regulations and modus operandis will assist set up socialization within the schoolroom, constructing up guidelines that must be followed within the category environment. Though regulations and modus operandis are highly different, let go of the overarching rules by which your category is fun, these regulations within the category define the ethos of the schoolroom, they need to positively depict coveted behavior and properties and in the long term support the pupils developing self-regulation of their behavior and direction. Whereas modus operandis are the manner specific undertakings need to be carried out, in order to guarantee a safe and purposeful acquisition environment. Efficaciously pull offing a schoolroom is of import to hold the category laid out and arranged in a manner that makes larning easier. The layout will hold an impact on the manner you teach and the manner the pupils learn. For each lesson it is impractical to travel the schoolroom unit of ammunition, so acquiring a layout that can be used for all topics is the key. It is critical to see all the pupils ‘ faces, and you besides need to guarantee they can see you and the synergistic white board or any other resource you are utilizing within the category. There are a batch of ways in which a schoolroom can be laid out and organized but it ‘s the 1 that suits the instructor best. So for me it will be about test and mistake as this is the lone manner you learn what suits you. Whether it is: the horseshoe, a circle, rows or sitting in ability groups or friendly relationship groups, there are pro ‘s and con ‘s to all these siting agreements. The lone manner to see what will accommodate non merely myself but my category is to seek each manner until I have found the perfect manner for the pupils to acquire the best out of the ballad out and place of resource ‘s so my category will be managed to my best ability. Taking the above on board and believing about how I am traveling to win to go an outstanding instructor I need to hold a mark and program in topographic point in order to accomplish this. Reflecting on my professional pattern I can see that I need to concentrate in more on how the kids respond to behavioural techniques the instructor has in topographic point. Though I saw house points being used I did non see any other signifier of enterprise in topographic point for the category. Every Friday afternoon the pupils would acquire aureate though if they had warnings throughout the hebdomad they would lose at least five proceedingss per warning. Within my twelvemonth six category they all had occupations they carried out every twenty-four hours throughout the school, so when thought and reflecting I can see this was besides a privilege for good behavior and gave them duty within their school fixing them for the following phase of their instruction. I feel that when I go back into school for farther pattern I want to research schoolroom direction and administration more. Asking assorted inquiries on how the instructor ensures she gets the best usage of all her resources and how she gets the kids to behaviour as they are sitting within friendly relationship groups. I can see how this works as there is a mix of ability on each tabular array and the lower ability are supported by their higher ability friends within their surveies, but how does she controls the sum of work done and the less yak traveling on throughout the lessons. Though there is merely one EAL pupil within the school, I am traveling to supervise and research learning techniques with this pupil during my following pattern at the school. On my first pattern I spoke to the category instructor about assorted ways in assisting this pupil advancement within her acquisition of English, for case blending the ability degree she is in, puting the pupil in a higher ability group than the lowest to seek and act upon her to talk out more and contribute. The category instructor has invited me to fall in her category on the 2nd portion of my pattern to assist me derive more understanding and cognition within pattern with an EAL pupil. In decision I feel that I need to utilize my contemplations to put myself bigger challenges and marks to make within the hereafter. To derive more understanding and cognition of the primary school atmosphere and develop my ain techniques of instruction. I am trusting on the following portion of my pattern I am able to set some of the techniques I have discussed into action through the usage of my microteaching. Hoping to research manner in which I can organize my schoolroom to derive the best usage of resources and the best manner the pupils within the category will larn. Not merely am I be aftering on acquiring to cognize my pupils better but besides I am trusting to derive a better apprehension of myself. Reflecting and come oning this experience to see myself as non merely a pupil but, a trainee instructor, with the power over the pupils larning and assisting the following coevals to win into exceeding scholars and outstanding professionals. How to cite My Own Personal And Theoretical Understanding Education Essay, Essay examples

Engage in Personal Development Essay Sample free essay sample

1. 1 Describe the responsibilities and duties of ain work function. As a voluntary Teaching Assistant/Classroom assistant I have worked difficult to set up professional relationships with the Teachers and lasting TA’s which in bend has resulted in me being treated and respected as one of the squad by them and the students I work with. Within my function I help supply support to the instructors by fixing effectual acquisition environments. helping the students to make their full potency by guaranting the environment is kept clean. tidy and safe. My chief responsibilities and duties are to choose and fix learning resources appropriate to the lesson and where needed adapt the resources to run into the person or group’s demands. During the lessons I clarify the aims and look into the needed sum of support to be given along with the undertaking distinction to run into all abilities and monitor/record student response and advancement throughout the undertaking. It is of import as a Teaching Assistant to listen carefully to the students and promote their thoughts and sentiments to assist them go strong independent scholars by reacting to them suitably. promoting them and maintaining them on the right path to accomplish the propensity aim. Within the function of Teaching Assistant/Classroom assistant I carry out observations on behavior and assist the students to do the right picks in their actions while besides describing any relevant concerns to the appropriate individual. As a Teaching Assistant you play an built-in portion in the twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours running of the schoolroom by transporting out administrative responsibilities as required by the instructor including roll uping. collating information. filing and run offing leting the instructor to pass more clip actively learning. As a Teaching Assistant/Classroom assistant you besides play a cardinal function in supplying comfort and immediate attention for minor accidents. disturbances and complaints every bit good as escorting and oversing in out of school activities such as working to the church for terminal of term service. trips to the theater. Library and Beach The function of a Teaching Assistant is an all-around experience and one that all ows you to reflect. develop and turn in function every twenty-four hours. 1. 2 Explain outlooks about ain work function as expressed in relevant criterions. Depending on your occupation function will depend on which set of occupational criterions you have to adhere to and therefore in bend the outlooks they so place upon you and your function. The Training and Development bureau have National Occupational Standards for Supporting Teaching Learning. These criterions enable schools to accommodate. alteration and better support staff accomplishments to guarantee all kids are given the chance to accomplish and win. The National Occupational Standards are based on the functions and duties of support staff in today’s schools and can be used in a assortment of ways to help Recruitment. Performance reviews. Training and Development and Career patterned advance. As a voluntary Teaching Assistant/ Classroom assistant I am still expected to adhere and follow to these criterions when working as a Volunteer Teaching Assistant. The outlooks set out are that I will come into a category environment and supply suited and appropriate support to the instructor and kids leting effectual instruction and acquisition to take topographic point which links to the National Occupational Standard STL 1 an illustration of how I contribute to this is when Readers workshop takes topographic point first thing in the forenoon. On geting in the category I agree with the Teacher which group I will be working with and the complexness of the undertaking and the sum of support to be given leting the kids to derive the most from this lesson. Throughout these Sessionss and any other lessons I assist with I observe how the kids interact. engage in an activity and the sum of support that has been given and feed this information back to the Class Teacher or Full Time TA. When volunteering as a Teaching Assistant/Classroom Helper I ever have the children’s well-being at the head of my head and take anything that may do possible injury or harm to them every bit good as intervene when they are making something that may do injury associating to STL 3 ( CCLD 202 ) of the National occupational Standards. An illustration of when I have done this is when a kid was swaying back on the chair legs I intervened and asked them to halt as the old twenty-four hours a kid had been making the same thing and put the chair down on to the Teachers pes by accident. Besides within my function I promote and contribute to positive relationships associating to STL 20 ( CCLD 301 ) of the National Occupation Standards. I do this by guaranting that I use appropriate verbal and non-verbal communicating accomplishments. respond positively to all those I work with handling them with the same regard that I would wish to be treated with while staying professional. These are m erely some of the cardinal outlooks of my occupation function outlined in the National Occupational Standards but my ain outlook is to present a high degree of attention and support across the course of study to guarantee that all kids are given the right support. counsel and encouragement to carry through and accomplish their possible. Undertaking 2 2. 1 Explain the importance of brooding pattern in continuously bettering the quality of service provided. â€Å"Reflective pattern is the capacity to reflect on actions so as to prosecute in a procedure of uninterrupted larning therefore affecting us to pay critical attending to the practical values and theories which inform every twenty-four hours actions by analyzing pattern reflectively and reflexively† En. wikipedia. org/wiki/reflective. pattern. Brooding pattern is imperative in any occupation as it helps guarantee that service bringing is kept high and uninterrupted and this is indispensable when working with kids as their fortunes. environments and larning advancement continually changes E. g. some kids may pick up a Numeracy subject of Measure really. really rapidly and so happen a subject to make with Time a little more ambitious and holding carried out a brooding session on this can help you in your support function following clip to assist guarantee the acquisition demands of the kids are adequately supported. By continually reexamining. reflecting and bettering your attack to work benefits you as the practician and more significantly the kids as by transporting out brooding pattern you are besides guaranting you are assisting to provide for every child’s single demands. Kolb’s Experimental Learning rhythm supports the cardinal demands of brooding pattern and the importance it plays in personal developmen t. Kolb’s rhythm involves: 1. Concrete experience- doing/having experience within your function. 2. Brooding observation- reviewing/reflecting on your experiences. 3. Abstract conceptualisation- concluding and larning from your experiences. 4. Active Experimentation- Planning/trying out what you have learned. Idu. Leedss. Ac. uk/Kolb D. A ( 1984 ) By utilizing Kolb’s rhythm or similar theories as a tool for your brooding procedure you will non merely travel frontward in your ain thought but it will besides enable you to back up your co-workers at the same clip. In decision when reflecting on your public presentation be it on your ain. Colleagues or you Line Manager you should be honest with yourself and those you work with and more significantly evaluate successes every bit good every bit failures as the later will be what drives you love of acquisition of acquisition every bit good as aid guarantee that a high criterion is continually delivered within your function. 2. 3 Describe how ain values. belief systems and experiences may impact working pattern. Everyone has different values. beliefs and penchants. What you believe in. what you see as of import and what you see as acceptable or desirable is an indispensable portion of who you are. The manner in which you respond to people is linked to what you believe in. what you consider of import and what involvements you. You may happen you respond positively to people who portion your values and less heartily to people who have different precedences. When you develop friendly relationships. it is natural to pass clip with people who portion your involvements and values. However. the professional relationships you develop with people you work with are another affair. As a voluntary Teaching Assistant/Classroom Helper I am required to supply the same quality of support for all. non merely for those who portion my positions and beliefs. This may look obvious. but cognizing what I need to make and accomplishing it successfully is non the same thing. Working in the a school environment I am bound to come across people whose positions I do non hold with. and who neer seem to understand my point of position. Awareness of differences. my reaction to them and how they affect the manner I work is a important portion of personal and professional development. If I allow my ain penchants to rule my work with people. I will neglect to execute to the criterions of the Codes of Practice for kid attention workers set out by the UK regulation organic structures. All the codifications require child attention workers to esteem and advance people’s single positions and wants. An illustration of where positions and beliefs differ is late we had person desiring to run an after school activity of Yoga but some parents felt that this didn’t tantrum in with the Christian ethos of the school and so as a Parent. a voluntary Teaching Assistant and a Parent Governor it was indispensable that I kept an unfastened head and maintain my ain val ues and beliefs to myself to guarantee that I remained professional at all times. Undertaking 3 3. 1 Evaluate ain cognition. public presentation and understanding against relevant criterions. It is of import in any occupation to measure your ain cognition. public presentation and understanding against your occupation description and any other relevant criterions that apply to your function. Measuring your cognition can be done in a assortment of ways from annual assessments with your Line director. reexamining your Personal Development Plan at regular intervals and guaranting that the ends you set yourself are Smart – Specific. Measureable. Achievable. Realistic and Relevant and Targets that can be achieved in a Timely mode. holding informal confabs with co-workers and maintaining brooding histories of activities you have undertaken to assist highlight countries of development. I have included one of my Brooding diaries as an illustration as it highlights an country of development and action I was traveling to take to better my cognition and apprehension. As a voluntary Teaching Assistant/ Classroom assistant measuring my cognition and public presentation is somewh at harder but looking at the Job function I would state these are the cardinal things to come out of ain rating of my cognition. public presentation and apprehension: 1. Achieve the Level 3 Diploma Supporting Teaching and Learning in Schools by guaranting I complete the assignments to a high criterion. 2. Continue to derive valuable experience in the function of Teaching Assistant volunteering in a assorted Year groups to assist enhance and spread out my cognition and apprehension of the course of study. 3. Transport out relevant CPD to make with Numeracy and Literacy to guarantee I can give the highest degree of support to the kids I work with. 4. Derive farther cognition and apprehension of working with kids with particular demands. These ends are based on self-reflection and holding read the National Occupational Standards which are designed to enable you to heighten and develop your public presentation every bit good as lineation the cardinal demands of what they need to cognize and understand I would foreground the followers as countries of personal development. 1. STL6. STL25 and STL26 Support literacy and numeracy activities – I am able to help and give appropriate congratulations and encouragement to the kids but feel I need to develop farther my cognition and apprehension of methods used in numeracy today E. g. Partitioning for add-on and phonics for literacy to guarantee that when working with the kids I deliver the right degree of support and counsel leting them to accomplish their possible. 2. STL37. STL38- Having worked on a figure of occasions with kids who have SEN I feel this is an country I would wish to research and develop farther cognition and apprehension to let me to guarantee that when working with them in group state of affairss or 1 to 1 I give them the best chance to acquire the most out of their learning experience at that minute in clip. These are merely a few countries of Professional Development I have highlighted myself from mentioning to the National Occupational Standards but personally experience that acquisition is a rhythm and you can ever larn and develop new accomplishments guaranting that you deliver the highest degree of support to the Teachers and more significantly to the kids. Undertaking 4 4. 1 Identify beginnings of support for planning and reexamining ain development. Working as a voluntary Teaching Assistant/Classroom assistant I don’t have entree to the same chances for planning and reexamining ain development and so hence I have to be more proactive and guarantee that I personally reflect on my strengths and failings and seek professional counsel and support from appropriate co-workers when I feel or see it is needed. E. g I was late assisting in a letters and sounds lesson and was unsure of the methods they used which resulted in me traveling off and transporting out farther research on the Dfes web site for the Letters and Sounds resource book the TA was utilizing to back up the session and assist me personally gain a better apprehension of the nomenclature used throughout the session. ( see attached brooding diaries ) . Presently in my function as a voluntary Teaching Assistant/ Classroom assistant I chiefly acquire feedback from the category Teacher and Fulltime Teaching Assistant by talking with them at appropriate times to see how I did and what I could hold done better to acquire more out of the kids I was working with and this has enabled me to turn and develop more assurance in the function. Besides while I am on the class I will seek support and counsel from my college assessor who will give me concise and constructive feedback through ocular observations carried out and action points on how to develop my pattern as a Teaching Assistant every bit good as speak to my college coachs who can assist me be after my professional development for the hereafter. E. g I have already spoken to my coach about possibly come oning on to the Foundation Degree in Teaching and Learning or even utilizing my old background of measuring and going an assessor to assist other people desiring to prosecute a calling as a Teaching Assistant. Other beginnings of support I can utilize to assist chum up and reexamine my personal development is the CPD subdivision on the Bournemouth Council Website which allows you to entree classs relevant to your chosen field so for my ain personal development I have shown involvement in Early Old ages. Teaching Assistant CPD and as a Parent Governor CPD courses that will assist me understand the primary instruction system better. Undertaking 5 5. 1 Evaluate how learning activities have affected pattern. Learning activities take topographic point in a assortment of ways from INSET yearss. Classroom pattern. Meetings. go toing CPD classs laid on by Training Agencies. Councils and the schools themselves. In the function of a Teaching Assistant be it voluntary or in a paid place you will ever come across chances that will assist you develop professionally. Within St Luke’s CE Primary School Full and Part clip employed TA’s have the chance to set about the Diploma in Supporting Teaching and Learning every bit good as have entree to specialist classs such as working with kids with Autism. The activities you undertake will assist you turn and develop in your function and will assist put the foundations of your Personal Development Plan for the hereafter as it enables you to reflect and highlight countries of strength and countries of development. Attending the Level 3 Diploma Supporting Teaching and Learning in schools and volunteering in the school has enabled me to turn in my function of voluntary Teaching Assistant/ Classroom Helper edifice up my assurance in my capablenesss which has resulted in me deriving Relief paid work as a Teaching Assistant at the school. 5. 3 Show how to enter advancement in relation to personal development. Recording advancement in relation to personal development is an indispensable portion of your function as it helps highlight accomplishments made towards aims outlined in your personal development program. It besides helps to place new cognition spreads and countries to be developed to assist better your public presentation within a function. It is of import when transporting out any professional development that you keep any paperwork and notes from the classs as it can be used at a ulterior day of the month to update your advancement and heighten your cognition and apprehension of that country. The class stuff is besides a good manner of demoing how you have developed within your function and actions you have taken to go more competent and stronger. E. g. I have attended in the past Core Curriculum classs for Literacy and Numeracy to develop my apprehension of how the course of study is laid out and how grownups in this instance can come on from a Level 1 to a Level 2. When set abouting any Personal Development you should ever do a record of the course/ making and maintain a brooding history of what you gained from it so that you can mention to it in the hereafter when using for occupations or publicity this can be done on your Curriculum Vitae. in the format of a Word papers or if you are registered to the Institute of Learning you can maintain an online record of CPD taken to assist maintain you occupationally competent within your function. Below is an illustration of a Personal Development Plan and how you could enter advancement made. Time Scale| Development| Review|September 2012| Commence Level 3 Diploma Supporting Teaching and Leaning| Course has been started and am doing good advancement to day of the month –Oct 2012| December 2012| Continue remaining on path with college assignments. Derive farther experience within the function of TAApply for TA roles| Have fallen somewhat behind but take to be back on Path by terminal of January – 31/01/2012On traveling Have gained a Relief function at St Lukes CE Primary –Dec 2012| March 2013| Have got myself up to day of the month with all College Assignments. Get booked on a First Aid course| | Mentions Baker. B. Burnham. L ( 2010 ) Supporting Teaching and Learning in Schools ( Primary ) En. wikipedia. org/wiki/reflective. pattern Idu. Leedss. Ac. uk/Kolb D. A ( 1984 ) Brooding Journal Name: Kirsty AtfieldDate and Time: 19/11/2012 9-12 Session Aims: Reading Workshop. Numeracy. Phonics. DT The chief points I have learnt from this session are: The session this forenoon was really enlightening as I helped the kids in a assortment of undertakings working in little groups and besides on a 1:1 footing. The Reading Workshop Activity involved the 5 kids I was working with make a Graffiti Board where they had to pattern composing the words Said. So. Do. Like. Some. Come and Have in any form. coloring material or design they chose and it was interesting to see that how throughout the undertaking their assurance grew in the fact of traveling off from composing in a consecutive line. I enjoyed the Numeracy session which was based around sequencing and this involved a batch more unfastened inquiring with the group of kids I was working with along with congratulations and encouragement as they all knew what they were making but some found it more ambitious than others. Phonicss was a existent oculus opener today and the session that has stood out for me as I learnt something knew and look frontward to developing my cognition and apprehension of Phonemes farther. DT was an interesting session as some of the kids merely got stuck in and others got side tracked from the undertaking at manus so I truly had to be argus-eyed and guarantee that they were all acquiring the aid they needed every bit good as being actively involved in the edifice of their vehicle as some would hold merely left it to me to construct! How I could develop my practical accomplishments as a consequence of this session: Ensure that I am confident in the activity/task that is being delivered to the kids and don’t be afraid to inquire for farther elucidation to assist guarantee that we are all singing from the same sheet. Derive farther apprehension of the Phoneme method. How I could develop my cognition and apprehension as a consequence of this session: †¢Research the letters and sounds website.†¢Research Letterss and Sounds book dfes web site.†¢Develop apprehension of Phoneme’s†¢Every Child Matter brush up cognition I already have. Brooding Journal Name: Kirsty AtfieldDate and Time:20/11/12 9-12 Session Aims: Reading Workshop. Numeracy and Phonicss The chief points I have learnt from this session are: Following on from the session I helped in yesterday we once more started with the Readers Workshop and once more I helped another group of kids use their creativeness making a graffito board utilizing the words See. Make. Down. Like and Have. This undertaking today was somewhat easier as I had illustrations that I could pull upon to give the kids an thought of what needed to be done and this helped them and they enjoyed the undertaking and experimenting with different manners of composing such as Bubble and Spikey authorship. Phonicss workshop was once more a follow on session and review of Phonemes once more looking at the dual missive sounds ng. ch. Ar. er†¦ . . working as a whole group and utilizing their white boards we worked our manner through a serious of words to look into their apprehension and linked the accomplishment into their reading. Numeracy was today an hr long where the category was split into 2. One half went into the ICT suite to play on Education metropolis and Number games while the other half of the category stayed and practiced numeration in 10s. The category activity involved utilizing a figure square and a practical ocular activity to assist their apprehension of numbering in 10s ( index fingers one higher and lower than the chosen figure and spider mounting up and down for 10s ) and because they worked so difficult we finished the session with a merriment figure game. The ICT subdivision of the numeracy session allowed the kids to pick the figure activity game they wanted to play on while besides developing their assurance of utilizing a computing machine. How I could develop my practical accomplishments as a consequence of this session: Ensure that I am confident in the activity/task that is being delivered to the kids and don’t be afraid to inquire for farther elucidation to assist guarantee that we are all singing from the same sheet. Practice the Phoneme method myself to guarantee it is to the full embedded. Eg Chip has 3 sounds and Car has 2 sounds Bit Car This is because the Ch. Ar are one sound non C A R or C H I P. Other illustrations are ee. oo. igh. nanogram. Er. Ur How I could develop my cognition and apprehension as a consequence of this session: †¢Gain farther apprehension of cardinal phases of development. †¢Look at extra resources that can be used to assist maths development. †¢Education City and sounds website.

Innovative Emerging Technologies Leveraging Social Media

Introduction to the Readings There are many ways of how technologies can be used to improve the quality of a human life. People believe that the concept of technology should be associated with something new. However, the idea of the technological worth is as old as a human society because technology refers to a kind of craft and the discussions that take place around arts (Woods Woods, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Innovative Emerging Technologies: Leveraging Social Media specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper aims at discussing the role of innovative and emerging technologies in modern society and the ways of how social media can be used in business, communication, and other activities. There are three main readings that can help to comprehend the development of the technological aspect and discuss social media as the means to find and exchange information. The work by Nambisan and Nam bisan (2008) introduces social media as a chance to involve customers in product design, development, and support. McAfee (2006) discusses the worth of Enterprise 2.0 as a good chance to promote collaboration among employees. The project developed by Bernoff and Li (2008) describes the sources with the help of which people can stay connected with each other, share information, promote communication, and use technologies to improve their business affairs. Social Media Technologies and Its Worth for Business The project by Nambisan and Nambisan (2008) examines the concept of a virtual customer environment (VCE) and the number of benefits of the possibility to engage ordinary people, who perform the roles of customers, in such activities as product development, design, support, marketing, etc. The VCE initiatives that can be interpreted as various social media technologies help companies learn better their customers and analyze their needs and expectations. There are many methods that can be used to gather information, share experience, and introduce new ideas. Regarding the current technological progress and the opportunities available to people via the Internet, it is not appropriate to consider online technologies as the only ways of exchanging information. Such organizations as Nokia, Nike, and Microsoft want to develop close relations with their customers using different technologies and gathering as much information as possible. The access to information helps customers perform new roles in the organizations and become the partners, who are ready to provide many other customers with product support services (Nambisan Nambisan, 2008). Customers may share several types of experiences using technologies. For example, they can be pragmatic and use the opportunities to learn better the properties of products and services. Technologies and the possibilities available to customers also help to develop hedonic experience when customers enjoy and get pleasure from everything they are involved in. Rating systems, knowledge centers, forums, and customer recognition programs are the best examples of how social media and the technological progress may be combined.Advertising Looking for critical writing on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Benefits and Challenges of Platforms and Channels for Users People like to share information and use the Internet to find or deliver something. They promote tweeting and using Facebook or MySpace but fail to understand how many platforms and channels should be used to make such communication possible (Resmini Rosati, 2011). The article written by Andrew McAfee is the source that explains a variety of technologies and their rightness in regard to knowledge work that has to be performed by people, who have to collaborate with technologies regularly. Among the existing variety of sources for communication, exchange of information, and discus sions of thoughts, it is hard to understand if all of them are appropriate for people and their obligation to use and develop knowledge. McAfee (2006) offers to use Enterprise 2.0 technologies as an alternative for people to overcome the potential threats and help knowledge people benefit not only use technologies but make considerable contributions that promote development and survival. There is an evident fact that there are more users of technologies in comparison to their developers. People find it normal to use the already offered ideas and technological achievements to meet their personal and professional needs. However, they make themselves blind in front of innovative and emerging technologies. McAfee (2006) underlines the potential of Enterprise 2.0 â€Å"to usher in a new era by making both the practices of knowledge work and its outputs more visible† (p. 28). Still, the situation remains to be complicated because even if being confident in the importance of a new p rogram, McAfee is not sure if the changes are appropriate for ordinary users and if people are ready for any kind of change. The Power of Social Web for People The final article is developed by Bernoff and Li (2008) to discuss the peculiarities of blogs, social networks, and other means of communication and their impacts on people and their achievements. Barney (2011) proves the fact new information and communication technologies have been developed considerably during the last decade. Bernoff and Li introduce groundswell applications as a concept to be terrified about and fascinated with. On the one hand, people want to benefit with such application due to the possibility to consider the cultural, political, and personal aspects of communication. On the other hand, people do not want to have access to all sources of information and know a little about what they can do with all those possibilities. People have different attitudes to the technological gifts. Some of them like to writ e and develop blogs. Some people are interested in reading texts. Many people want to use social network sites, share the latest news, and exchange personal information. A number of people cannot resist the opportunity to watch video online. In other words, online technologies may provide people with a number of options, and people are free to choose what they prefer.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Innovative Emerging Technologies: Leveraging Social Media specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, it is necessary to comprehend that technologies may be used for not only entertainment or meeting their professional goals. It is important to contribute to the technological development. It is time for people to start thinking about their abilities and stop paying and using services only. The development of groundswell applications is the change to conduct research, promote marketing, develop sales, etc. C onclusion In general, the usage of social media and innovative technologies is a burning topic for discussions. People are able to introduce various opinions and attitudes to the role of technology in a human life. Still, there is one common idea that is supported by Bernoff and Li (2008), Nambisan and Nambisan (2008), McAfee (2006), and many other researchers: people have to know how to develop appropriate relations with technologies and use them to meet their professional and personal goals as well as contribute the technological development by means of personal ideas and skills. Customers, managers, employees, and ordinary users of social media should not be afraid of the abilities they get with technologies but learn how to enlarge their chances to succeed from a technological point of view. References Barney, D. (2011). Communication technology. Vancouver, BC: UBC Press. Bernoff, J. Li, C. (2008). Harnessing the power of the oh-so-social web. MIT Sloan Management Review, 49(3) , 36-42. McAfee, A.P. (2006). Enterprise 2.0: The dawn of emergent collaboration. MIT Sloan Management Review, 47(3), 21-28. Nambisan, S. Nambisan, P. (2008). How to profit from a better ‘virtual customer environment’. MIT Sloan Management Review, 49(3), 53-61. Resmini, A. Rosati, L. (2011). Pervasive information architecture: Designing cross-channel user experiences. Burlington, MA: Elsevier.Advertising Looking for critical writing on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Woods, M. Woods, M.B. (2011). Ancient communication technology: From hieroglyphics to scrolls. Minneapolis, MN: Twenty-First Century Books. This critical writing on Innovative Emerging Technologies: Leveraging Social Media was written and submitted by user Aurora Scott to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Impromptu Speech Activities for Elementary Students

Impromptu Speech Activities for Elementary Students Learning how to deliver an impromptu speech is part of meeting the oral communications standards. Use the following activities to help students practice their presentation skills. Activity 1: Speech Fluency The purpose of this exercise is for students to practice speaking clearly and fluently. To begin the activity, pair students together and have them choose a topic from the list below. Next, give students about thirty to sixty seconds to think about what they are going to say in their speech. Once they have gathered their thoughts, have students take turns presenting their speech to one another. Tip - To keep students on track, give each group a timer and have them set it for one minute for each presentation. Also, create a handout that students must fill out after their speech to give their partner feedback on the positives and negatives of their presentation. Possible Questions to Include in the Handout Was the message clear?Were the ideas organized?Did they speak fluently?Was their audience engaged?What can they do better next time? Topics to Choose From Favorite bookFavorite foodFavorite animalFavorite sportFavorite school subjectFavorite vacationFavorite holiday Activity 2: Impromptu Practice The purpose of this activity is for students to gain experience delivering one to two-minute impromptu speech presentations. For this activity, you can put students into groups of two or three. Once the group is chosen, have each group select a topic from the list below. Then allow each group five minutes to prepare for their task. After the five minutes is up, each individual from the group takes turns delivering their speech to the group. Tip- A fun way for students to get feedback is to have them record their presentation and watch (or hear) themselves on tape. The iPad is an excellent tool to use, or any video or audio recorder will work just fine. Topics to Choose From Any of the aboveGood newsExplain the rules of your favorite gameExplain how to make your favorite mealExplain your daily routine Activity 3: Persuasive Speech The purpose of this activity is for students to gain knowledge on how to give a persuasive speech. First, use the list of persuasive language techniques to give students examples of what should be included in their speech. Then, group students into pairs and have them each choose a topic from the list below. Give students five minutes to brainstorm a sixty-second speech that will persuade their partner to their point of view. Have students take turns delivering their speeches and then fill out the feedback form from Activity 1. Tip- Allow students to jot down notes or key words on an index card. Topics to Choose From Any current eventConvince listeners why you should be the presidentTry to sell the listeners the clothes you are wearingConvince the teacher to not give homework for a weekTry to convince the school board why they should have better food in the cafeteria Persuasive Language Techniques Emotional appeal: The speaker plays on peoples emotions, can manipulate the reader by triggering an emotional response.Descriptive language: The speaker uses words that are lively and vivid and engages the reader by inducing an emotion or producing a picture for them.Emotive language: The speaker uses language that plays on peoples feelings. There is a deliberate use of words to provoke an emotional response.Inclusive Language: The speaker uses language that engages the audience and sounds friendly.Alliteration: The speaker uses the same letter in two or more words to persuade by adding emphasis and reinforcing the meaning. (ex. cruel, calculating, and crooked)

The President of America John Fitzgerald Kennedy Research Paper

The President of America John Fitzgerald Kennedy - Research Paper Example Urged on by his pushy father, JFK joined politics in 1946 and went ahead to win election into the US House of Representatives as a Democrat and later into Senate in 1952. He won the 1960 party’s presidential nomination and later the presidency, becoming America’s youngest president at 43 and the first ever Catholic head of state. His presidency represented a generational change to the seat, giving it a youthful touch. On November 22, 1963, hardly 1,000 days into his presidency, JFK was assassinated in Dallas, Texas. He became the youngest president to die (White House, 2014). John F. Kennedy remains a hero even to the standards of modern times because of his political prowess, personality and family values and his stand on social justice. It is the political career of JFK that brings his heroism outright, him being a statesman and a courageous politician. In his book, Profiles in Courage, JFK noted that pressures from the public, the worry of future elections and the pressures from interest groups discourage politicians from working towards the attainment of their goals (Margaret, 2004). Indeed, he was a victim of negative publicity early in his political career. According to Brinkley (2013), these early years in politics had JFK’s political colleagues refer to him as a playboy who had his campaigns bankrolled by his wealthy father. Critics described him as being impatient, reckless and impetus. In fact, in the book, JFK: Reckless Youth, the author, Nigel Hamilton referred to him as a man with brains, good looks, money, and idealism but lacked a serious sense of purpose (LupaÄ ovà ¡, 2008). Despite these criticisms, JFK went ahead and convinced voters to elect him into the US House of Representatives. His political star shone further with his election into the Senate. In fact, his was said to be a distinctly innovative senatorial campaign. Furthermore, his campaigns targeted all the categories of the society, thus an all-inclusive campaign strategy that saw him elected twice into senate between 1953 and 1960. He went further to win, not just the Democrat presidential nomination, but also beat Richard Nixon to become America’s 35th president. This follows his charm that he used to convince voters that the Republicans had stagnated the county for eight years and therefore the need for positive change.

Hardware Infrastructure in Any Big Business or Federal Organization Research Paper

Hardware Infrastructure in Any Big Business or Federal Organization - Research Paper Example Project Objective: The project’s objective involves the identification of several needs and difficulties encountered during the process of managing information and Technology infrastructure basing on several factors. This involves the scope of the project together with the assigned deliverables. Factors to consider include technology comparison, financial budgeting, inventory assessment, and associated costs. Deliverables: 1. Determine efficiency of an organization’s resources 2. Determination of the reliability of an organization’s current assists 3. Determine the cost of infrastructure upgrade Milestones: The completion of the project has to take place before 2016. According to Chambers (2015), the instantaneous events associated with the IT project include; 1. Permits Approved- 20th October 2015 2. Assets inventory Taking – 20th October 2015 3. Determination of costs involved in supporting and maintaining hardware – 20th November 2015 4. Evaluation of probably available technology – 30th November 2015 5. Making of the financial budget – 5th December 2015 6. Final Inspection – 30th December 2015 Technical Requirements: The project considers many technical issues so as t successfully attain the desired objectives. The technical aspects touch on the availability, reliability, and the performance of the project (Ambler, 2004). 1. Determine the challenges of changing old/Obsolete Information Technology hardware infrastructure 2. Renew the IT infrastructure with an organizations budget

Confucius Biography Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Confucius Biography - Research Paper Example His father was commander and died three years after the birth of Confucius. Nevertheless, Confucius got a good education and married at the age of 19. He also became a father of one son and two daughters. (Confucius Biography) Early Occupations During his youth he had to learn so many skills because fortunes of his family had declined. Confucius belonged to the aristocratic family then known as the shih. Confucius in his first occupation is said to have worked as keeper of the Lu granary. After working as a keeper in the market, he worked as a farm worker taking care of farm animals. He also gave his services to the governor of his district. Through his politeness, fairness and love for learning he quickly earned a good reputation for himself. His mother died in 527 B.C.E and then he involved himself in his most beloved pursuit of teaching. It was the period of zhou (Chou) dynasty when moral values prevailed at its nadir. Confucius criticized the disorder and deplored the moral stand ards prevailed within the society. (Ann-ping) When he was 35, ruler Duke Zhao of Lu initiated a war; however, he shifted himself to the neighboring country of Qi. Duke Zhao continued to take his advice but due to opposition of one of his council minister he refused to grant him the land and also stopped taking his advice. (Kotelnikov, Vadim) Teacher He firmly believed that old precepts of the sages can bring back the people to the high moral standards. His fame and name spread across the masses. Confucius became famous in Lu because he made sayings which were full of wisdom. People learned through his teachings. He also helped and advised the emperor on effective and fruitful ruling. He also came into contact with Lao Tzu; however, Lao criticized him for his arrogance. His course or lessons used to be mainly history, music, and poetry. He spent his lot of time on developing the ideas regarding the art of government. Gradually, he acquired a large following. Though many of his follow ers returned to Lu and continued accepting the positions with the Chi clan. It is construed that because of these followers he was invited to Lu. (Kotelnikov, Vadim) Effective Administrator When he was 50, the Baron of Qi approached him and sought his help against a rebellion but he refused to comply. New Duke of Lu then made him a city magistrate. The city prospered under his governance and he got promoted several times and finally became a Grand Secretary of justice and then at the age of 56, became chief minister of Lu. He was quite successful in his administration, introduced the reforms and dispensed the justice quickly. As a result, crimes were almost eliminated. (Kotelnikov, Vadim) Neighboring countries started worrying that Lu would become much powerful. They distracted the duke by sending gifts and dancers. On duke's improper behavior, Confucius resigned and left the country. (Kotelnikov, Vadim) A Great Traveler Confucius visited nearby states and travelled a lot in the hop e that some other ruler would take his heed and undertake measures of reform; however, all his efforts went in vain. Confucius wandered China with his disciples for 5 years and realized that his presence is not well tolerated. Once he was arrested and put into jail for five days. He was also pursued into the countryside by a group of soldiers arranged by jealous nobles; however, he was rescued by the king of a neighboring country. A Political Leader His great emphasis is said to be on political

Analysis of Marks and Spencer Plc

Analysis of Marks and Spencer Plc Marks and Spencer (MS) is one of Britains oldest and best known retailers of clothing, foods, home ware. MS employ more than 60,000 people worldwide, operate more than 450 stores in 30 countries, and serve tens of millions of customers every week. The company was first established by Michael Marks and Tom Spencer. Marks had immigrated to England in 1882 after fleeing anti-Semitic persecution in Russian Poland. Here he began to eke out a living selling goods on a stall in Leeds town market. Due to his lack of English he made a sign to go on his stall that read Dont ask the price, its a penny. His stall was so successful that by 1890 he had stalls in five cities across the country. Tom Spencer, joined Marks, in 1894. This partnership signified the advent of MS as we know it today. By the turn of the century the company had expanded to 36 branches nationwide. Following the deaths of Marks and Spencer, the running of the company fell into the hands of Marks 28-year-old son Simon. It was he that led MS to break with time-honoured British retailing traditionby eliminating wholesalers and establishing direct links with manufacturers. The company continued to grow and in 1926 it became a PLC. Two years later it launched its now famous St Michael brand and in 1931 in a drive to concentrate on goods that had rapid turnover it introduced food departments into stores. During World War II approximately half of the companys stores were damaged or destroyed in air raids. However the business rebuilt and in 1964 Simon Marks handed over the running of it to his brother-in-law Israel Sieff. In the subsequent decade MS began to expand abroad in North America and later Europe. Sieffs son, Marcus Sieff became chairman in 1972. He was replaced by Derek Rayner 12 years later. Rayner became the first chairman to be hired from outside the Marks family. During Rayners tenure as chairman MS expanded into financial services by launching their own charge card. Rayner retired in 1991 and CEO Richard Greenbury took charge. In the 1990s MS began to rapidly expand across Europe and into Asia, opening stores in Germany, Hong Kong, Hungary and Spain. In 1999 following growing criticism of Greenburys failure to expand the business fast enough and embrace new ideas he was succeeded by, Peter Salsbury. In that same year continued poor sales led Marks and Spencer to cut 700 jobs, close its 38 stores in Canada and part company with its clothing supplier of 30 years, William Baird. Following this continued poor performance the company, was subject to an unsuccessful takeover bid by Phillip Green of the Arcadia group. In response to this MS appointed Belgian Luc Vandevelde as CEO. The following spring MS announced a recovery plan to rescue the struggling chain, which involved selling off the majority of its global operations. Consequently, unhappy with the companys direction and its departure from older values, Marks and Spencer board members Sir David Sieff (the last remaining founder member), Sir Ralph Robins and Sir Michael Perry left the board in July 2001. Within a year and a half of Vandeveldes appointment profits began rising, but although at the time Vandevelde was credited with a revival, it proved to be short-lived, because by 2004 sales had fallen again and the brand had lost some of its credibility. In light of this it was felt drastic changes were needed and in May 2004 Stuart Rose, formerly head of Arcadia, was named CEO. Since his appointment Rose has instituted change programmes within the organisation and given it new strategic direction. The effects of these changes are already beginning to be seen and MS is showing clear signs of recovery. However it is too early to say whether this improvement is sustainable. MS was set up and run by a family for a long part of its history, its values and culture derived from that. For many years it was viewed as being very patriarchal and inward looking. The perception people had of the company up until the 1980s was of quality, affordability and reliability, embodied in the St Michael brand. During this time leadership of the business was very strong but inward focused. However, recent changes in the market place have presented a great challenge to the company which it is still addressing. PERCEPTION According to Huczynski and Buchanan it is our perception of reality that shapes and directs our behaviour, not some objective understanding of it. Marks and Spencers corporate objectives are incorporated in its mission statement. This outlines what the business is and what it should be. Mission statements set out in writing what the firm wants to achieve and often include information on the values of the business. MS outlines its core business as clothing and Food. Its financial objectives is to deliver shareholder value in terms of increase returns, but also in terms of increase sales and market share in retailing. It beliefs and values are outlined as Our customers continue to see Marks Spencer as the place to shop for special food, produced to exacting standards. MS also sees its workforce as an important part of its plan and also considers modernising its stores as a key corporate objective. Vision: The standard against which all others are measured Mission: Making aspirational quality accessible to all Values: Quality, value, service, innovation and trust MS also outlines its corporate social responsibility in its mission statement and considers the needs of other stakeholders too. Customer Perception Once established, from the customers point of view, MS was considered the epitome of quality, affordability and reliability which reached its apogee in the 50s and 60s when customers used to scramble to acquire MSs reproductions of catwalk fashion. MSs clothes lines became so popular that in the 50s limits were set on production as everyone wanted the affordable stylish Paris inspired 1950s glamour. This perception changed during the 90s. As ever increasing choice was available on the high street and a growing number of competitors emerged as rivals in MSs core markets. Retailers such as Top Shop, Warehouse and Gap offered more fashionable designs and labels, whereas others such as Next and Debenhams offered better value. Even food chains such as Tesco, Waitrose and Sainsburys began to encroach on MSs market share in the prepared food markets. In light of this people began to view the company as out-dated and old fashioned. This negative perception of the company is just now beginnin g to be counteracted for reasons which I will detail later in discussing leadership. Employee Perception From the stand point of employees MS was viewed as an employer of choice in the mid-20th century. People felt secure in their employment and viewed a career in MS as highly desirable. In the post-war period the company imposed a more explicit human relations policy. As Marcus Sieff, the incumbent chairman at the time, put it the chief executive has a duty to treat his employees as he would like to be treated himself, to do as he would be done by. This image was reinforced by the way MS treated its staff, stores were furnished with good staff canteens, rest rooms, medical and dental care, hairdressers, chiropodists, clean toilets and good training facilities. By the 1980s and 90s it had stopped being viewed as a viable career path and became characterised as dead-end job. This was reflected in the pay, management and promotional structures in place at the time. This is something subsequent CEOs have had to address. The Market A companys branding and marketing strategies are important tools in shaping the perception of it in the marketplace. Here, MS has never conformed to the norm s and actually created a virtue out of not advertising. Instead, MS relied until the 90s on word-of-mouth to promote the companys brand and image. This strategy is very cost-effective and renowned for being extremely powerful in influencing customer behaviour. As a recent study shows word-of-mouth is now the number one most-trusted source of product information on a global scale, with advertising a distant second. Seventy per cent of consumers across the globe trust friends, family, or other people first when searching for information or ideas on products to buy. MSs decision not to enter into mainstream advertising has reinforced its image of being a household name so famous, that like Rolls Royce it did not need to advertise since the quality of its goods and services were undisputed. The St Michaels brand was also very powerful with its connotations of religion which brings to mind values such as honesty, loyalty and devotion. Therefore a big departure came for MS around the turn of the century when they decided to launch one of the biggest advertising campaigns in retail with the slogan Your MS, embodied by well known models and celebrities from different ages such as Twiggy, Jodie Kidd, Shirley Bassey. This has been hugely successful and has the effect of putting the company firmly back in the hands of the public, giving them a sense of ownership and a stake in its success. CULTURE This is the set of beliefs and attitudes of both employees and management that helps to influence decision making and behaviour with in the organisation. The simple way of explaining culture is the way the things are done in a business. According to Huczynski and Buchanan an organizations culture focuses on the values, beliefs and meanings used by its members to grasp how its uniqueness originates, evolves and operates. Edgar Schein makes the distinction between three levels of culture within an organisation distinguished by their visibility to and accessibility by individuals, surface manifestations of culture, organisational values and basic assumptions. Organisational culture and values: The views of the original founder as modified by the companys current senior management In the case of MS we can see that the original culture derived from the founders and the founders family. In a sense you can say that they were family values, with an overtone of religion, let us not forget that St Michael is the champion of the Jews and that Michael Marks was a Jew. Culture in the early days was based on quick turnover, honesty, hard work and no frills attached. These values evolved into the companys culture which became paternalistic, an approach is commonly associated with family run businesses. The repercussions of this culture are such that if you are not in the family you cannot rise to the top. This has an effect all the way through the company right down to the employees on the shop floor. From the mid-19th century family organisations had the strongest sense of culture, one based on loyalty, paternalism and community. However in the 1960s, post war restructuring concentrated on capital mobility, acquisitions and mergers. The old forms of identification tended to break down and anyone who spoke of solidarity or loyalty was seen as archaic. With rapid organisational growth it became very difficult for firms to maintain the family touch. So by the turn of the 21st century Marks and Spencer had become vulnerable to hostile takeovers with its ever falling share prices and low profit margins. The inward looking culture of the company and the absence of strong leadership were blamed for its poor performance. Stuart Roses vision after he was given the position of CEO was to revert back to old values and simplify a culture which had become too confused and confusing. The type of culture of Marks and Spencer is a customer driven culture. Customer driven culture is where every where in the business makes a real effort to improve customer service, market research, employing right people, and training. The business is trying to up date the technology e- commerce. It also has a positive culture where staff and workers communicate well. They also regard change as opportunity than not a treat. I also found they are dynamic, this where a business is always looking to change the way they work. Always looking for new ideas. The way I have noticed this is by changing the displays to make it appeal more to customers. LEADERSHIP According to Huczynski and Buchanan leadership is the process of influencing the activities of an organized group in its efforts toward goal-setting and goal achievement. They go on to mention that leadership appears to be a critical determinant of organizational effectiveness. It is useful to distinguish between leadership and management. These two concepts are sometimes seen as synonymous as leadership is seen as one component of the management role. However, other commentators on the subject make clear distinctions between the two. Leaders are portrayed as someone who develops drives new initiatives, [whereas] managers achieve stability. Warren Bennis and Burt Nanus make the point that managers do things right, while leaders do the right thing. Due to the complex nature of this topic a great effort has been made to distinguish the qualities that make a successful leader. This line of research has been greatly influenced by the great man theory. This argued that leaders reach positions of influence from which they dominate and direct the lives of others by force of personality. In MSs history, men such as, Sir Marcus Sieff could be seen to fall into the great man category. Leadership in the early years was very much in the hands of the family and based on traditional family values. It was strong but essentially inward looking. By the late 90s when MS was in trouble there was a need for a change of leadership. Nowadays a more distributive form of leadership is required. One which creates a vision of a possible future that allows [the leader] and others to see more clearly the steps to take, building on personal capacities and strengths. Examples of these types of leader would be Luc Vandevelde and Stuart Rose. Under Vandeveldes leadership a recovery plan was put in place based on getting the company closer to its customers and returning the company to its core strengths. Recovery was based around focusing on the UK, selling only their own brand and retaking command of their supply chain. His vision was to return Marks and Spencers to its reputation for quality, value, service and innovation. Once articulated, the vision is shared through events designed to disseminate it. Thus we have Vandeveldes address to the shareholders and Stuart Roses mass motivational training for all of staff. They use catch phrases to describe and share what is already happening and to encourage others .In the advertising campaign Your MS Rose is embodying the key values and beliefs on which the newly revived MS is based. In differentiating the customer base and appealing to different sectors through sub-branding such as Per Una by Sir George Davis for the younger customer and Limited Edition for the more style conscious older customer, whilst maintaining the offering of high quality standard basics to everyone MS is becoming more competitive with other high street retailers. Also the advent of the Simply Food stores accentuates one of MSs traditional and continuing strengths- its food offerings. Management styles and culture The management style is the pattern of behaviour that he or she shows in carry out a management role over a period of time the most common management styles, are as follows: Autocratic Consultative Democratic Autocratic Autocratic management style is one where the manager is used to giving instructions like telling people what to do rather than asking them for their options. The manager is the only person contributing to the decision- making process. This style of management is more typical of UK management between 1970s and 1980s, although you are sure to find it today. A number of managers who started up with this approach find it difficult or impossible to change their ways. They are used to holding on power and do not understand how the process of empowerment might work. The result of this style is that members of the group often dissatisfied with the leader. This results in little cohesion, the need for high levels of supervision, and poor levels of motivation amongst employees. Consultative Consultative managers are ones who seek to consult other people before making a decision. Alternatively, they will seek to consult people before implementing a decision. This type of manager wants to draw on more sources of opinion him or herself. The consultative manager will have listening skills and also the ability to create the right sorts of channels to consult other people. In an organisation with a culture of consultation, there will be a series of mechanisms (e.g. newsletters, team briefing, suggestions boxes, etc.) that make it possible to get the feel of the concerns of other people involved in the decision- making, as well as to draw on their expertise. Democratic This is a third type of management style is the democratic one, which involves empowerment. This gives individuals and team responsibility to make decisions, usually within the framework. The team is then held responsible for the decisions that it chooses to make. The manager with this style will feel comfortable allow others to make decisions. The democratic manager will also have to have a good overall understanding of decisions being made, and will want regular feed back on results. However, they will be confidants that empower individuals and teams will use the responsibility given to them wisely. The management style of Marks and Spencer is consultative so this would mean, that leader consults with other before decision is made. There will be a group influence in the final decision; even through it is made by the leader. For example the marketing department, about weather to launch a new range of products may consider first than rushing straight into launching the products. The decisions are all taken in to account. The business of Marks and Spencer sometimes might use a mixture of Management Styles for example Marks and Spencer is consultative, the business might also be using democratic management style. Laissez-faire- This is where people are allowed to do what they feel correct, this is usually associated with medium status (e.g. Managing director Marketing Director) probably because they are experts in their field so they know what their doing. Marks and Spencer have a variety of management styles they often give a choice to the management but it depends upon where they are on the hierarchical scale. Those higher on the scale are autocratic and tell staff what to do, from the production line to the logistical designers. Those managers without managers below them are the ones which have to use an autocratic style because those below them have no knowledge on the field, while those around the middle are permitted to adopt a laissez-faire attitude to management, they are high enough in the company and have enough knowledge to use the style properly and to its maximum potential but the shareholders always have a eye on what there doing with any big decisions having a democratic vote on the item.

Cubas Nuclear Program :: essays research papers

Cuba does not possess nuclear weapons, and there are no credible reports of Cuban efforts to acquire nuclear weapons. Cuba is not reported to possess chemical weapons, nor are there credible reports of Cuban posession of long range ballistic missiles. Cuba is generally regarded as having a program of research on biological warfare agents, though the scope and focus of this effort remains obscure and controversial. In 1990, Cuba's air force, with about 150 Soviet-supplied fighters, including advanced MiG-23 Floggers and MiG-29 Fulcrums, was probably the best equipped in Latin America. In 1994, Cuba's armed forces were estimated to have 235,000 active duty personnel. Cuban military power has been sharply reduced by the loss of Soviet subsidies. By 1999 the Revolutionary Armed Forces numbered about 60,000 regular troops. Nuclear Weapons Tensions between the United States and Cuba peaked during the abortive "Bay of Pigs" invasion by anti-Castro Cubans supported by the United States on 07 April 1961. Taking advantage of Cuba's fear of further U.S. armed aggression against the Island, the Soviets persuaded the Cuba into closer economic and political links including military and defence arrangements. In the fall of 1962, there were unconfirmed reports that the Soviets were installing intermediate-range nuclear missiles in Cuba. When evidence confirmed these reports, the resulting confrontation between Soviet Premier Khrushchev and US President John F. Kennedy in October 1962 brought the world to the brink of war. Cuba is not a party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). It signed the Treaty of Tlatelolco, a Latin American regional non-proliferation regime, but has not ratified the treaty and brought it into force. Cuba has entered into an agreement with the IAEA to apply safeguards to individual nuclear facilities, including the partially completed Juragua nuclear power plant. The reactors that would be installed are of the VVER-400 type, an advanced model of the Soviet pressurized water reactor. There are serious concerns about the safety of the plant. However, since the plant does not appear to be economically viable, no international investors have been willing to provide funds for completion of the facility. Cuba has taken no action on the Non-Proliferation Treaty, and as of early 2000 was one of only four states that was not a signatory [the others being Israel, India and Pakistan]. Cuba's position towards the NPT proceeds from a view that the technical assistance aspect of the IAEA’s activities had not produced so many benefits as the nuclear safeguards aspect, which implies a notable imbalance in the Agency’s different sectors.

Effect of Economic Crisis Towards Politics in Malaysia

We have discussed the impact of economic crisis towards economy and social. But there are other consequences due to this subject. One of them is political. Malaysia is practicing the democratic system which all eligible citizens have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives. Democracy allows people to participate equally either directly or through elected representatives in the proposal, development, and creation of  laws (Roberts, H. Cox. 2012) However, the economic crisis could lead to the destructible of the stable political status in the country.Malaysia now days have lists of political parties that have the same aim which is to rule Malaysia. On the other hand, economic crisis is one of the crimp to these political parties to rule the country or even to the dominant political party such as UMNO. When the Asian financial crisis 1997 hit Malaysia, the impact was traumatic. There was economic and political turmoil. The stock market, the currency and the property mark et nearly collapsed. That in turn affected the overall economy.UMNO, the dominant political party in the ruling alliance, experienced political turbulence when its charismatic deputy president, Anwar Ibrahim, was expelled from the party when he disagreed with the then president, Mahathir Mohamad, over, among other things, Mahathir’s rejection of loans from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Yet, Malaysia was not that badly affected as compared to some of its neighbors. It did not experience the extent of the socio-political distress as occurred in Indonesia where the rioting that broke out ultimately led to the overthrow of Suharto.Nor was its economic sovereignty that deeply compromised as happened in Indonesia and Thailand when both countries were forced to accept the conditions imposed by the IMF for the acceptance of their loans. Besides, there is a major consideration of questions is the view purported by some quarters that Dr. Mahathir has â€Å"overstayed† h is tenure and that heir apparent Anwar would have been the right successor of a more liberal Malaysia. The questions being around at that time is does it true that Anwar rejection is the consequences of he brings the economic down term in Malaysia and idea in conserving loan from IMF or because Dr.Mahathir is feeling discomfort or unsecure due to the trusts and confident level of the people is falling down? This questions has delivered main elements of events of the recent two years is that possibly what transpired between Mahathir and Anwar climaxed as a second â€Å"battle royale† in Malaysia’s political history. There is more than a hint that underneath it all was a political contestation fought with intense intrigue and complexity; one reflection observes that the â€Å"Anwar group† (some call it the Anwaristas, as opposed to the â€Å"Mahathirists†) had indeed been conspiring to take the mantle of power by contrived means.Accordingly, it was a  "plot† exposed in time by Dr. Mahathir’s forces. But yet, to suggest a real political division between â€Å"Mahathirists† and â€Å"Anwaristas† in the Malaysian political scenario is too neat an explanation of reality, and certainly these inchoate groupings are not mutually exclusive. As may be expected, there are also the â€Å"fence-sitters†. As we noticed, Anwar expels is due to the economic crisis. But if we storming deeper, the existence of opposition of the ruling parties in Malaysia (Barisan Rakyat), namely Parti Keadilan Rakyat.Parti Keadilan Rakyat is formed in 2003 by a merger of the  National Justice Party  and the older  Malaysian People's Party. Keadilan was led by Dr  Wan Azizah Wan Ismail ( Anwar’s wife)  and increased its parliamentary representation from 1 seat to 31 seats in the  Malaysian general election, 2008  until the five-year political ban imposed on former Deputy Prime Minister  Anwar Ibrahim  was lifted on 14 April 2008. Here we can see the existence of one more political party in Malaysia due to economic crisis. Anwar Ibrahim has been expels from the party and he form another party through his wife in the period of he was arrested in jail.Through this brings up another question to Malaysian. Whether Parti Keadilan Rakyat is really stand up on representing the public fate and rights? Or else, is just because of Anwar’s agenda to be the Prime Minister is failed because he was expelled from being Deputy Prime Minister by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad. Then he forms up his own political party? No matter what the question is, we can see that the existence of Parti Keadilan Rakyat giving a huge impact on the political environment in Malaysia. Large portion of society putting their trusts on Keadilan Rakyat and this is the warning and a big challenge to the government Malaysia in uling the country very well. The Malaysia government, Barisan Nasional is doing their best to society be cause they believe that Keadilan Rakyat have their own strength and ability in overcoming the government. In conclusion, economic crisis brings up too many negative impacts towards our politics in Malaysia such as expellation of Anwar Ibrahim, unstable of ruling political party Barisan Nasional, the disunity of public trusts in ruling political party due to lost in trust of the leader on that time.However, the existence of main opposition party Parti Keadilan Rakyat brings a very great impact to government on how they rule the country due to the possibility and ability of Parti Keadilan Rakyat to gain the public trusts. Thus, economic down term really brings a negative impact toward Malaysia in short run, but however the subject brings a cause of positive impact toward Malaysia political environment in long term.

Industrial Revolution Essays - Factory, Manufacturing, Free Essays

Industrial Revolution Essays - Factory, Manufacturing, Free Essays Industrial Revolution Robert Chaplin History 112 Dr. Farrell 20 April 2000 Industrial Revolution One of the most significant personality changes that has occurred in the world took place during the 1700s to the early 1800s; the Industrial Revolution. It is described as a time of drastic change from hand made items to machine made goods. This meant basically that people had to learn how to manufacture goods in enormous factories instead of cultivating them from the land. The Industrial Revolution began in England because of their large demand for coal and iron. And since they had a large supply of this, England soon began to have to produce vast amounts across all of Europe. In the 1700s, England was one of the worlds leading producers of iron and coal and was considered as having the most colonial power. This is all due to their newly acquired colonies. The colonies currently known as the United States of America. The colonies provided a market for manufactured products. The markets helped stimulate the textile and iron industries in England. The colonies also gave England all of the